caldera

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border-top:1px solid #393939; clear:both; display:none; width:100%!important; position:relative; z-index:999999!important; height:90px!important"> <div class="adCenterClass" style="display:block!important; overflow:hidden; width:916px;"> <div id="footerAd_container" style="display:block!important; float:left; width:728px"> <iframe id="lycosFooterAdiFrame" style="border:0; display:block; float:left; height:96px; overflow:hidden; padding:0; width:750px"></iframe> </div> </div> </div> <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%"><tr><td> <p><font face="5thGrader" color="#800040"><big>GROUP PRESENTATION  SCORING RUBRIC</big></font></p> </td></tr></table><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%"><tr><td valign="top" width="1%"> <p> </p> </td><td valign="top" width="24"></td><td valign="top"> <div align="center"><center><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="642" height="1"> <tr> <td width="276" height="1" rowspan="3" valign="top"><p align="left"><img src="images/ovalhotspring.jpg" width="216" height="131" alt="ovalhotspring.jpg (43065 bytes)"></td> <td width="150" height="87" valign="baseline" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" colspan="3"><big><big><big><font face="Lucida Handwriting" color="#800040"><strong><p align="left"></strong></font></big></big></big><img height="78" alt="header1.gif (12106 bytes)" border="0" src="_derived/webquest.htm_txt_header1.gif" width="235"></td> <td width="301" height="87" valign="middle" align="left" colspan="2"><big><font face="Lucida Handwriting" color="#800040">When will it erupt?</font></big></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="451" height="16" colspan="5" valign="middle" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><small><small><font face="Lucida Handwriting" color="#800040">A webquest for High School Math and Science Students -- by T DeBuff</font></small></small></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="83" height="1" valign="baseline" align="center"><font face="5thGrader"><p align="left"><a href="body.htm#Introduction">Introduction</a></font></td> <td width="83" height="1" valign="baseline" align="center"><font face="5thGrader"><a href="body.htm#Task">Task</a></font></td> <td width="83" height="1" valign="baseline" align="center"><font face="5thGrader"><a href="body.htm#Process">Process</a></font></td> <td width="83" height="1" valign="baseline" align="center"><font face="5thGrader"><a href="body.htm#Resources">Resources</a></font></td> <td width="83" height="1" valign="baseline" align="center"><font face="5thGrader"><a href="body.htm#Evaluation">Evaluation</a></font></td> </tr> </table> </center></div><p> </p> <div align="center"><center><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="603"> <tr> <td width="603" colspan="2"><font face="Lucida Handwriting" color="#800040"><strong><img src="images/body.h1.jpg" alt="wpe5.jpg (1182 bytes)" WIDTH="602" HEIGHT="7"></strong></font></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="603" colspan="2"><a name="Introduction"><font face="Lucida Handwriting" color="#800040"><strong><big>Introduction</big></strong></font></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="20"></td> <td width="583"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#800040">Yellowstone Park sits directly over a hot spot. The volcano is quiet today, only the geysers and hot springs remind us that there is a huge volcano under the beautiful scenery. Only 600,000 years ago a huge eruption filled the area with lava flows. After the huge eruption there was a void under the top of the volcano. The weight of the volcano caused the top to come crashing down forming the large <a href="http://http://volcano.und.nodak.edu/vwdocs/glossary.htm">caldera</a> in the park. Since the hot spot remains active, another giant eruption will almost certainly occur. The question is, when?         </font></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="603" colspan="2"><img src="images/hotspringbar.jpg" width="602" height="7" alt="hotspringbar.jpg (3477 bytes)"></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="603" colspan="2"><a name="Task"><font face="Lucida Handwriting" color="#800040"><strong><big>Task</big></strong></font></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="20"></td> <td width="583"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#800040">A new cycle of volcanic activity has begun. The number and strength of earthquakes have increased; new hot springs have appeared and existing ones have grown. A large area to the northeast of Yellowstone Lake has uplifted again. Your group has been hired to present your predictions about future eruptions. Will it erupt again? If so, when? How much damage will it cause? Each group member needs to take on a different role and then the group will consult with each other to prepare the final presentation. The roles are as follows:</font><p><font color="#800040">Seismologist - Collect earthquake activity information around Yellowstone. Research predictors of other volcanic eruptions, such as Mount St. Helens.</font></p> <p><font color="#800040">Cartographer - Map the caldera, seismic activity, uplifted regions, and different geyser activity.</font></p> <p><font color="#800040">Yellowstone Park Official - The person who knows all of the facts about Yellowstone's caldera and the history of the caldera.</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="603" colspan="2"><img src="images/hotspringbar.jpg" width="602" height="7" alt="hotspringbar.jpg (3477 bytes)"></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="603" colspan="2"><a name="Process"><font face="Lucida Handwriting" color="#800040"><strong><big>Process</big></strong></font></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="20"></td> <td width="583"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#800040">Seismologist:</font><ol style="color: rgb(128,0,0)"> <li><font face="Times New Roman" color="#800040">Go to the National Earthquake Information Center (NEIC) and do a rectangular search of seismographic activity around the Yellowstone Caldera. Use the following parameters: top latitude = 46; bottom latitude = 44; right longitude = -109.5; and left longitude = -111.5.</font></li> <li><font face="Times New Roman" color="#800040">Sort this information however it is the most useful for you, i.e. by decade, magnitude, etc... </font></li> <li><font face="Times New Roman" color="#800040">You may want to graph the information either in a bar chart, scatterplot, pie chart, or whichever is the most useful for you.</font></li> <li><font face="Times New Roman" color="#800040">Find out about seismographic activity as predictors of other volcano eruptions.</font></li> </ol> <p><font face="Times New Roman" color="#800040">Cartographer:</font><ol style="color: rgb(128,0,0)"> <li><font face="Times New Roman" color="#800040">Obtain a map of the Yellowstone Park (there are several links below that provide maps). The Yellowstone Park Official may be of help in this area also.</font></li> <li><font face="Times New Roman" color="#800040">Find out about the seismic activity in that region from the Seismologists and create a seismic map. You may want to look at the seismic maps developed by the University of Utah.</font></li> <li><font face="Times New Roman" color="#800040">Also include mapping information about geyser activities and uplift areas.</font></li> <li><font face="Times New Roman" color="#800040">All of this information may appear on one or more maps.</font></li> </ol> <p><font face="Times New Roman" color="#800040">Yellowstone Park Official:</font><ol style="color: rgb(128,0,0)"> <li><font face="Times New Roman" color="#800040">Find as much information as you can about the Yellowstone caldera, i.e. its size, how it was formed, its location.</font></li> <li><font face="Times New Roman" color="#800040">Determine when it last erupted.</font></li> <li><font face="Times New Roman" color="#800040">Determine how large of an eruption the Yellowstone caldera can produce, particularly compared to other volcanoes.</font></li> <li><font face="Times New Roman" color="#800040">Provide information to the seismologist and the cartographer as needed.</font></li> </ol> <p><font face="Times New Roman" color="#800040">Whole Group:</font><ol style="color: rgb(128,0,0)"> <li><font face="Times New Roman" color="#800040">Present to the class your predictions for the Yellowstone caldera. Have documentation for your predictions and visual aids. See Evaluation below.</font></li> <li><font face="Times New Roman" color="#800040">The probability of the caldera erupting in any particular year can be estimated at 0.000001429% (worse odds than winning the lottery). Is this the same as 0% probability? Explain.</font></li> </ol> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="603" colspan="2"><img src="images/hotspringbar.jpg" width="602" height="7" alt="hotspringbar.jpg (3477 bytes)"></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="603" colspan="2"><font face="Lucida Handwriting" color="#800040"><big><strong><a name="Resources">Resources</a></strong></big></font></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="20"></td> <td width="583"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#800040">On-line resources:</font><ul style="color: rgb(128,0,0)"> <li><a href="http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/Volcanoes/Yellowstone/OFR95-59/OFR95-59.html">VOLCANO HAZARDS FACT SHEET:</a> Yellowstone: Restless Volcanic Giant<font face="Times New Roman" color="#800040"> - provides historical and current information on the Yellowstone caldera (maps included)</font></li> <li><a href="http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/Volcanoes/Yellowstone/EruptiveHistory/description_geo_history.html">Yellowstone Caldera's Geologic Setting and Eruptive History</a> </li> <li><a href="http://www.seis.utah.edu/HTML/YPSeismicityMaps.html">University of Utah</a> SEISMICITY MAPS-Yellowstone National Park Region Seismicity Maps</li> <li><a href="http://volcano.und.nodak.edu/vwdocs/glossary.html">Volcanic and Geologic Terms</a> - a comprehensive glossary</li> <li><a href="http://volcano.und.nodak.edu/vwdocs/eruption_scale.html">Eruption scale</a> - how BIG are volcanic eruptions?</li> <li><a href="http://volcano.und.nodak.edu/vwdocs/volc_images/north_america/yellowstone.html">The Snake River Plain and the Yellowstone Hot Spot</a> - provides great map information and visual magnitude comparison</li> <li><a href="http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/volcus/page34.html">Volcanoes of the United States Online Version 1.1</a> by U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) </li> <li><a href="http://wwwneic.cr.usgs.gov/neis/epic/epic_rect.html">National Earthquake Information Center</a> World Data Center A for Seismology Geologic Hazards - RECTANGULAR AREA search for earthquakes - use the parameters given above</li> <li><a href="http://volcanoes.usgs.gov/About/What/Erupt/WhenErupt.html">USGS Volcano Hazards Program</a> - When is the Volcano Going to Erupt? - provides historical information on other volcanic eruptions</li> <li><a href="http://volcanoes.usgs.gov/Volcanoes/Historical.html">Synopsis of Historical Eruptions in the United States</a></li> <li><a href="http://pubs.usgs.gov/publications/msh/">Eruptions of Mount St. Helens: Past, Present, and Future</a> - online edition contains all text from the original book in its entirety.</li> <li><a href="http://www.seattle-pi.com/pi/getaways/090596/yell05_top.html">Danger lurks in Yellowstone Park</a>, especially underneath the earth - By Jon Sarche, Seattle Post-Intelligencer, September 5, 1996</li> <li><a href="http://www.geophys.washington.edu/seismosurfing.html">Surfing the Internet for Earthquake Data</a> - Seismosurfing</li> <li><a href="http://volcanoes.usgs.gov/Products/SProdsComp.html#VolQuake">VolQuake</a> (downloadable) is a Microsoft Windows-based computer program designed to facilitate the study of seismicity associated with volcanic activity. VolQuake software comes with data sets from Mount St. Helens, Washington (1976-1980), Mount Pinatubo,<br> Philippines (1991) and Mt. Spurr, Alaska (1992). <br> </li> </ul> <p><font face="Times New Roman" color="#800040">Off-line resources (if available):</font><ul style="color: rgb(128,0,0)"> <li>Pierce, K.L., and Morgan, L.A., 1992, The track of the Yellowstone hotspot: volcanism,<br> faulting, and uplift: Geological Society of America Memoir 179, pages 1-53.</li> <li>Smith, R.B., and Christiansen, R.L., 1980, Yellowstone Park as a window on the Earth's<br> interior: Scientific American, volume 242, pages 104-117.<br> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="603" colspan="2"><img src="images/hotspringbar.jpg" width="602" height="7" alt="hotspringbar.jpg (3477 bytes)"></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="603" colspan="2"><a name="Evaluation"><font face="Lucida Handwriting" color="#800040"><strong><big>Evaluation</big></strong></font></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="20"></td> <td width="583"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#800040">View the Group Presentation <a href="rubric.htm">Rubric</a></font><p><font color="#800040">Yellowstone is the largest and oldest national park system in the United States. Geysers, which occur in very few other places in the world, occur here in profusion, along with hot springs, steam vents, and associated phenomena. These are usually the main interests of visitors to the park. Most people are not aware that Yellowstone is becoming increasingly active and dangerous. While scientists have yet to fully understand the massive power of the geothermal features of the park, which are extraordinary and beautiful, the forces can also be life-threatening and destructive.</font></p> <p><font face="Times New Roman" color="#800040"> </font></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="603" colspan="2"><img src="images/hotspringbar.jpg" width="602" height="7" alt="hotspringbar.jpg (3477 bytes)"></td> </tr> </table> </center></div><p> </p> <p>  </td></tr></table></body>